During World War II, English people had to deal with rationing of food and clothing, air raids, and the constant prospect of danger. However, they also had a strong sense of community and a strong desire to help the war effort. In addition to shortages and disturbances, such as the "blackout" and new wartime jobs, many children had to be evacuated. Due to the common experience of the war, there was a desire for a welfare state after the war, which included national health care and higher social security.

Regular bombing caused death, destruction, and terror with London suffering from extensively bombing attacks. Since all lights were prohibited after nightfall, the "blackout" made it hazardous to navigate on the streets. To ensure their safety, millions of youngsters were moved from urban areas to rural areas. Many of the children suffered from poor health and inadequate cleanliness, and both foster families and the youngsters frequently had to make difficult adjustments.

Particularly for developing youngsters, the severe rationing of food and clothing resulted in boring, uninteresting meals and a shortage of new apparel. The "Dig for Victory" program promoted personal food production. Extended workdays, reduced leisure time, and the disruption of education and family life due to fathers leaving to fight were all consequences of war. A strong sense of communal spirit and national togetherness were generated by the shared experience of war, regardless of class distinctions.